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13

2020

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10

Baidi City

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1    2
Baidi City is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River at the entrance of Qutang Gorge in Fengjie County, Chongqing, on the eastern side of Baidi Mountain. It is a famous tourist destination in the Three Gorges. Originally named Ziyang City, it was built by Gongsun Shu, who controlled the Shu region during the late Western Han Dynasty. Gongsun Shu self-styled as the White Emperor, hence the name "Baidi City". Baidi City is the best place to view the majestic Kuimen. Throughout history, famous poets such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Fan Chengda, and Lu You have visited Baidi and Kuimen, leaving behind a wealth of poetry, which is why Baidi City is also known as the "City of Poetry".
3
During the late Western Han Dynasty, Gongsun Shu took control of Shu and built a city on the mountain. Because a well in the city often emitted white steam, resembling a white dragon, he self-styled as the White Emperor and named the city Baidi City. After Gongsun Shu's death, locals built a temple on the mountain and erected a statue of Gongsun Shu, calling it the Baidi Temple. Since Gongsun Shu was not a legitimate ruler and was considered a usurper, in the seventh year of the Ming Zhengde era (1512), the governor of Sichuan destroyed the statue of Gongsun Shu and worshipped the river god, earth god, and the statue of Ma Yuan, renaming it the "Three Meritorious Temple". In the twentieth year of the Ming Jiajing era (1533), it was again renamed to worship the statues of Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, called the "Temple of Justice", and later added statues of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, forming a pattern where there was no White Emperor in the Baidi Temple, but it long worshipped figures from the Shu Han.
On May 25, 2006, Baidi City was approved by the State Council to be included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

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